Nanopulse Technology
Using very short, very powerful electric shocks, researchers are developing a way to jolt cancer cells into committing suicide, or healthy cells into healing wounds.
The technique involves blasting cells with nanopulses. These are high-power electrical bolts that last a few billionths of a second. They deliver millions of volts - enough to light up a city, but each burst lasts much less than the blink of an eye.
Longer shocks blow a cell apart, but researchers have found that the fleeting nanopulses leave the cell membrane unaffected while mixing up its insides. Now they are working out how to vary the timing and intensity of the shocks to make cells behave in specific ways.
We would like to state a more consistent theory of cancer that we came up with, based on ten years of experience. The results are fascinating, obtained after PAP IMI™ exposures, and after comparing these results with other theories and methods .
The first assumption involves the most basic principle of physics, which we have come to realize several years ago in association with cancer. The assumption concerns the physical energy of the cell.
Energy in physics, as in the universe as a whole, is the most fundamental and universal concept of cause and effect. This controls every action in the cosmos, between a donor of the energy [the cause] and a receptor of the energy [the result]. We may say, a biological system with energy transformed from one form to another or given from a donor to a receptor, is a living system. A biological system with active metabolism and energy not given and taken between donors and receptors (without metabolism) is a dead system. We state below an extremely simple and fundamental principle for cancer in relation to the physical energy condition of a cell.
Cancer , is a critically low state of energy within a cell and with a critically low metabolism , in which the cell is being “trapped” for various reasons. This critically low energy and metabolism state is manifested by a low transmembrane potential (TMP) of 15 mvolts, which causes a “chain ” of specific malfunctions for the cell, and a general state of ischemia (low energy) for the organism . When a cell is in this particular low energy/metabolism state and has below TMP of 15 mvolts that is responsible for cell metabolism (Nobel Laureate Albert Szent-Gyorgyi, Cone and others). The extremely weak TMP of 15 mvolts cell divides in two identical parts in an attempt to survive in larger numbers as a species.
Cancer is also the most general phenomenon of missing cell energy , low metabolism and division in biological systems. It is a phenomenon found in all forms of life, i.e., plants, animals and, we may even say, in all living societies such as that of humans, animals, plants, and various micro-organisms .
We may suggest that Cell Cloning, Meristomatic Culturing for plants and Cancer, all have the same starting point in common for cell proliferation, that is metabolic stress, or poor nutrition, long known for cell cloning and meristomatic culturing for plants.
We demonstrate the above, with a common example taken from agriculture, which is known to most farmers: Let us suppose that we have two plants which we water every day. The plants stay healthy, but as a result do not produce flowers or seeds, which would lead to reproduction of the plant. If we deprive one of the plants of its nutrition by halting the water supply, as a result you will find the plant in a state of “stress”. This plant will then produce flowers and seeds in order to multiply and thus survive as a species. This result is due to an “instinct” or “survival program” deeply encoded in its DNA by its creator. This is a general phenomenon of reproduction, known for almost all plants .
The same holds true for advanced organisms which may secure food fairly easier versus a primitive one, which strives every day for food. Indeed a primitive organism is in a continuous state of stress while finding food and energy. In order to counter this and overtake its daily battle for food and survival as a species, it multiplies very fast and in large numbers.
On the contrary, an advanced organism or animal multiplies relatively very slowly, and in fewer numbers. For example, larger animals such as elephants or humans multiply very slowly, in comparison to a smaller animal such as a rabbit or a primitive organism.
The same is true for a poor, versus a rich society. For example, in poor couples of primitive societies we will find that they usually have between five and eight children. In comparison, the couples in rich societies tend to have one or two children.
Cancer environment, diffusion and metastasis: When a low energy proliferating cell is found to be lacking the proper nutrition and energy, many times this is so because it is surrounded by an adverse environment. This environment can be an anaerobic (non-oxygenated) one, which is limiting the “energy providing synthesis” of Na and O to K. Shortage of nutrition and energy may also be due to the fact that cells are adjacent or are surrounded by another tumor, or other low energy cells with limited veins and arteries. When a tumor is starving for energy and nutrition, the starvation is transmitted to the neighbors. Obviously, adjacent cells will suffer for proper oxygenation, nutrition and metabolism. Removing energy and nutrition by a tumor from adjacent cells, may cause a similar shortage of energy and nutrition, thus cancer diffusion and cancer metastasis to adjacent cells.
We can say, proliferating cells in an energy crisis, cause a similar “energy crisis” to nearby cells. In other words, the energy crisis of a smaller area of cells, is diffused or extended to a broader area, because of the most basic and fundamental principle of physics, the principle of the conservation of energy and the principle of conservation of matter.
This crisis of low energy is reflected in the following general chain reactions and results :
· low transmembrane potential,
· increased accumulation of sodium ions inside the cell : Hypernatremia
· increased water molecules attached to sodium molecules inside the cell associated to hypernatremia
· inflammation;
· increased volume of the cell and osmotic pressure inside the cell, damaging the cell membrane
· swelling
· thinning of the cell membrane
· cell division.
The above conditions further obstruct cell metabolism. When transmembrane potential drops below 15 mvolts, it leads to cell division and eventually causes cells to over populate. This enhances and diffuses the existing energy crisis from the cells to the system. The energy crisis is then extended and generalized for the system as a whole with the characteristic of low energy and ischemia for the system itself. We may say, that cells with low energy get into a “panic” state of feverish multiplication in order to preserve their species, following an inherent program encoded in the most fundamental part - their DNA, for survival under the emergency of severe conditions. More cells are produced inside the tumor, or more cells are produced adjacent to the tumor which found naturally in a low energy or impoverished environment, diffused from the expanding prime energy crisis – the prime cancer. Newer cancer cells will lack even more energy for the same reasons. So, we see naturally why the tumor grows or diffuses to adjacent areas and tissues, a phenomenon known as “cancer diffusion”, i.e., cancers ability to diffuse to adjacent healthy cells and tissues which is particularly unexplained today by medicine. Obviously, the more those “low energy” cells multiply, more energy is needed in the organism as a whole to feed the newborn cells. Therefore, the energy crisis and the cell starvation continually expand, as does cancer.
The organism soon becomes a “poor society in a panic crisis situation” as a whole, lacking even more energy. In such a case, more and more cells will be in a “panic state” for nutrition and energy and so, we see that cancer triumphantly metastasizes and generalizes. The organism or person becomes thin, weak and ischemic, with the common characteristic of loss of weight, low energy, and low nutrition intake. Cancer then spreads and generalizes, with no way for the organism or person to overcome this increasing need of energy and nutrition.
Apparently, there is no way out of this “energy crisis” when many more new cells appear, and the organism (or the person) dies. This is more or less the macroscopic “scenario” of the cancer phenomenon. This is of course omitting numerous details of the cell physiology, and the details of how the organism gradually fails as a whole. The reason for this is “over population of starving cells” and the resulting expansion of this “energy crisis”.
As an indisputable example and confirmation of the above, we may consider the modern technique of cloning living cells through genetic engineering. The technique of cloning living cells consists of forcing a newly fertilized cell (egg) to duplicate into more copies so that one identical embryo develops. This technique simply reported in the mass media consists of isolating a newly fertilized egg and placing it in an environment of very low nutrition. This state of starvation and obviously low energy causes it to divide into copies in exact agreement to the ideas expressed above.
After a number of divisions into cell copies, biologists then remove the cell copies and place them in an environment of proper nutrition and energy, where an independent and self organized embryo develops.
In some of the latest work, Karl Schoenbach and Stephen Beebe of the Center for Bioelectrics in Norfolk, Virginia, have shown that the pulses can make blood platelets clump together in the first stages of clotting. This is something that might ultimately accelerate wound repair.
Cell shock
Biologists already treat cells with mild electric shocks in the laboratory, a technique called electroporation. These shocks make temporary punctures in cell membranes so that cells can be pumped full of experimental genes or proteins.
Schoenbach and his colleagues were the first to recognise that you could use high-power, brief shocks to manipulate cells in other ways. Working with electrical engineers in the late 1990s, they discovered that such pulses fry bacteria and sterilize contaminated water.
One of the most significant discoveries was that nanopulses make mammalian cells commit suicide, rather than blowing them up. This is a relatively gentle way of killing, because scavenger cells come and swallow the debris. By contrast, long electric shocks explode cells and liberate toxic molecules that cause inflammation and pain.
For this reason, researchers hope to use nanopulses to kill cancer cells while leaving healthy tissue intact. Schoenbach's team has already shown that the pulses can shrink mouse tumours by over 50%, and is working on catheters or non-invasive ways to deliver the shocks to the body.
Quite how nanopulses trigger cell suicide still leaves scientists scratching their heads. One idea is that the shock flips molecules in the cell membrane from the inside to the outside, which tells surrounding cells of their imminent death. "It says 'get rid of me,'" says Thomas Vernier, who is studying the technique at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles.
However they work, the nanopulses are prompting a flurry of ideas for their use. They might replace liposuction as a way to demolish unwanted flab, or blast away the fatty plaques that cause heart disease. "It is like asking what to do with a newborn baby," says Weaver. "Our speculations probably will not pick up the most important things.
Studies :
